Till EDMEDIA-konferensen World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications in Lugano, Schweiz, presenterade Lena Pareto följande artikel 2004: The Squares Family: A Game and Story based Microworld for Understanding Arithmetic Concepts designed to attract girls (eftersom artikeln publiceras internationellt, är den på engelska.)
Abstrakt: To address the matter of children’s lacking understanding of arithmetic concepts, we have designed an educational environment, a microworld, which we believe stimulate self-regulation and reflective cognition. The microworld is based on an analogical, constructive representation, where mathematical objects and operations are translated into graphical objects and animations. The microworld contains a story, and combined card- and board games. The story is about the Squares Family. It has three purposes: to explain the graphical model; to introduce the games; and to give an understanding of the concepts involved. The purpose of the games is to allow children to use the graphical model and to practice important aspects of arithmetic. The games focus on concepts, not computations, and encourage own discoveries. The combination of a story-based microworld with games shows potential for providing an effective learning environment. The microworld is developed with user-centred design, and there is a prototype in Java. » Läs mer

Lärarutbildnings- och forskningsnämnden, LUN, vid Högskolan Väst beviljar bidrag för projektet Teachable Agent Games for Early Conceptual Understanding – learning, outcome and integration in classroom instruction.

Finansieringen gäller 2009 och under denna period sker bl.a. följande:

- Samarbete med lärarutbildningen på Högskolan Väst initieras.
- Användning av innovativ teknologi i autentisk miljö, dvs.i ordinarie klassrumssituation med sin ordinarie lärare, utforskas och utvärderas.
- Undervisningsmodeller och metoder för användande av IT-baserade läromedel föreslås i samarbete med lärarna.
- Möjligheterna med alternativa förklaringsmodeller för grundläggande matematik, med fokus på lågpresterande elever och elever med matematiksvårigheter, utforskas.
- Yttre motivationsfaktorer som poänglistor, ”leveling” och andra komponenter från spelvärlden utvecklas och läggs till i RF.
- Studier utförs inom ramen för hela projektet, som under 2009 också finansieras av WGLN. Studien sker med sammanlagt 12 klasser som använder Rutiga Familjen under 10 veckors tid (i Uddevalla, Göteborg, Lund och Stanford, USA), samt 9 kontrollklasser (i Uddevalla). Ett gediget dataunderlag (tester i matematikförståelse, attityd, självvärdering samt stora mängder loggningsdata från spelet) samlas in och analysen påbörjas.
- Studie påbörjas december 2009 och utvidgas med 6 nya skolor, 12 nya lärare och 16 nya klasser.

Till AIED konferensen 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, in Auckland, Nya Zeeland, presenterade Annika Silvervarg (Linköping Universitet) och kollegorna Lena Pareto, Magnus Haake, Thomas Strandberg samt Agneta Gulz (Lund Universitet) följande artikel 2011: An Educational Math Game with a Teachable Agent and a Social Chat (eftersom artikeln publiceras internationellt, är den på engelska.)
Abstrakt: We present an educational math game, including a teachable agent and a social chat, that trains basic arithmetic skills with a focus on grounding base-ten concepts in spatial representations. It employs a board-game design with a variety of different sub-games, game modes and levels of difficulty. [...] In other words, the basic game with the TA contains a form of on-task conversation between agent and student. But the game architecture also has been extended with a chat where the student can engage in conversation with the TA, writing freely by means of the keyboard and bring up basically any topic in a chat-like manner. [...] One reason to include off-task conversation is to enrich the game and its motivational qualities for the age group in question (12-14 year olds). Another is to be able to explore whether such a conversational module can enable pedagogical interventions, such as supporting pupils math self efficacy and change negative attitudes toward math in general. » Läs mer

”Högskolan Väst har tillsammans med Stanford University och Lunds universitet tilldelats 1, 2 miljoner kronor för att utveckla grundskolans matematikundervisning med hjälp av IT och digitala whiteboard. Forshällaskolan i Uddevalla kommer nu i en studie att använda sig av Rutiga familjen, ett grafiskt matematikprogram utvecklat av Lena Pareto, forskare vid Högskolan Väst.”]
Wallenbergstiftelsen storsatsar på forskningsprojekt om matematik och IT.”
Nyhet Högskolan Väst, Trollhättan, fredag 26 september 2008 » Läs mer

En ny artikel ”A Teachable Agent Game Engaging Primary School Children to Learn Arithmetic Concepts and Reasoning” har publicerats i en internationell tidskrift om intelligenta spel och andra digitala verktyg i skolmiljö: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education av Springer

(eftersom artikeln publiceras internationellt, är den på engelska).
Abstrakt:  In this paper we will describe a learning environment designed to foster conceptual understanding and reasoning in mathematics among younger school children. The learning environment consists of 48 2-player game variants based on a graphical model of arithmetic where the mathematical content is intrinsically interwoven with the game idea. The environment also features teachable agents, which are computer programs that can be taught and behave according to their knowledge. Thus, the environment provides both learning-by-doing (playing the game) and learning-by-teaching (teaching the agent to play). It differs from other learning-by-teaching systems 1) by targeting basic mathematics and primary grade students; 2) by using teachable agents as an extension to educational games in order to leverage engagement, reflection and learning; and 3) by using an agent-driven question dialogue to challenge students’ mathematical thinking, to role-model learner behaviour and to transfer game knowledge to out-of-game mathematics. The teachable agent game is described and evaluated in an authentic classroom study enrolling 443 students from 22 classes in 9 schools. Students range from 2^nd to 6^th grade of mainstream classes and 7^th to 8^th grade for students with difficulties in mathematics. Part of the study was designed as a quasi-experimental study with controls; part was designed to examine students’ change in mental models of arithmetic before and after game play. All students took pre- and post mathematics tests. The 314 playing students used the game and taught their agents during regular math-classes for three months, whereas the control classes attended standard instruction and took the tests. A questionnaire was distributed in the end of the study to investigate students’ perceptions and performances of the agent-tutoring task. Results show that 1) there is a significant learning gain for playing student compared to controls, 2) the learning environment can engage children in advanced mathematical thinking in early education, 3) that young primary students can act as successful tutors. Thus, we conclude that teachable agents is a candidate for leveraging learning in educational games to deeper levels that transfer outside the game. This idea combines the motivational power of games with the reflective power of a teachable agent asking though-provoking, deep questions on the learning material during game play.

Pareto, L. (2014). A Teachable Agent Game Engaging Primary School Children to Learn Arithmetic Concepts and Reasoning. In International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Volume 24, Issue 3, pp 251-283. Springer New York.

I samband med Rutiga Familjens studieresa i San Francisco bloggar de deltagande lärarna och rektorerna om sin resa, sina möten och skolbesöken i Kalifornien. Följ deras berättelse i bloggen Matematikprojektet bloggar från USA!