Till AIED konferensen 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, in Auckland, Nya Zeeland, presenterade Annika Silvervarg (Linköping Universitet) och kollegorna Lena Pareto, Magnus Haake, Thomas Strandberg samt Agneta Gulz (Lund Universitet) följande artikel 2011: An Educational Math Game with a Teachable Agent and a Social Chat (eftersom artikeln publiceras internationellt, är den på engelska.)
Abstrakt: We present an educational math game, including a teachable agent and a social chat, that trains basic arithmetic skills with a focus on grounding base-ten concepts in spatial representations. It employs a board-game design with a variety of different sub-games, game modes and levels of difficulty. [...] In other words, the basic game with the TA contains a form of on-task conversation between agent and student. But the game architecture also has been extended with a chat where the student can engage in conversation with the TA, writing freely by means of the keyboard and bring up basically any topic in a chat-like manner. [...] One reason to include off-task conversation is to enrich the game and its motivational qualities for the age group in question (12-14 year olds). Another is to be able to explore whether such a conversational module can enable pedagogical interventions, such as supporting pupils math self efficacy and change negative attitudes toward math in general. » Läs mer

Till ACM SIGACCESS konferensen Conference on Computers and Accessibility in Baltimore, USA, presenterade Lena Pareto följande artikel 2005: Graphical Arithmetic for Learners with Dyscalculia (eftersom artikeln publiceras internationellt, är den på engelska.) Abstrakt: We propose a model for arithmetic, based on graphical representations, to complement the symbolic language of mathematics. The focus is conceptual understanding of arithmetic. We argue that the graphical model supports understanding concepts known to be difficult for learners with dyscalculia, such as number-sense and decimal system. The proposed graphical representation share properties of the decimal system, but is closer to the semantic representation of numbers vital to the number-sense. The model is evaluated with school-children, but needs to be further tested by learners with dyscalculia. » Läs mer

Parallellt med att RF elever spelar matematikspelet utförs under Fas II i Skolverkets matematiksatsning 2011-2013 bl.a. klassrumsobservationer.

Under mars och april 2012 planeras och genomförs 13 observationer hos 11 lärare i 4 Uddevallaskolor. Fyra observatörer (Lena Pareto, Maria Spante, Lena Nilsson och Ann Nilsson från Högskolan Väst) besöker varsin klass under en planerad matematiklektion med Rutiga Familjen.

Varje lektionsupplägg är skapat av läraren och är unikt för varje klass. Det är också utgångspunkten för speltillfället som observeras. Under lektionen observeras bl.a. samspelet mellan lärare och elever, mellan elever och mellan elever och spelet. Observatörerna för anteckningar som sedan digitaliseras och sammanfattas, medan läraren skriver ner sina egna reflektioner kring RF-lektionerna.

Under denna period får lärarna hjälp av Kjell Svanström, projektets koordinator och lärare på Dalabergskolan, med RF spelet och eventuella teknikaliteter.

En ny artikel ”A Teachable Agent Game Engaging Primary School Children to Learn Arithmetic Concepts and Reasoning” har publicerats i en internationell tidskrift om intelligenta spel och andra digitala verktyg i skolmiljö: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education av Springer

(eftersom artikeln publiceras internationellt, är den på engelska).
Abstrakt:  In this paper we will describe a learning environment designed to foster conceptual understanding and reasoning in mathematics among younger school children. The learning environment consists of 48 2-player game variants based on a graphical model of arithmetic where the mathematical content is intrinsically interwoven with the game idea. The environment also features teachable agents, which are computer programs that can be taught and behave according to their knowledge. Thus, the environment provides both learning-by-doing (playing the game) and learning-by-teaching (teaching the agent to play). It differs from other learning-by-teaching systems 1) by targeting basic mathematics and primary grade students; 2) by using teachable agents as an extension to educational games in order to leverage engagement, reflection and learning; and 3) by using an agent-driven question dialogue to challenge students’ mathematical thinking, to role-model learner behaviour and to transfer game knowledge to out-of-game mathematics. The teachable agent game is described and evaluated in an authentic classroom study enrolling 443 students from 22 classes in 9 schools. Students range from 2^nd to 6^th grade of mainstream classes and 7^th to 8^th grade for students with difficulties in mathematics. Part of the study was designed as a quasi-experimental study with controls; part was designed to examine students’ change in mental models of arithmetic before and after game play. All students took pre- and post mathematics tests. The 314 playing students used the game and taught their agents during regular math-classes for three months, whereas the control classes attended standard instruction and took the tests. A questionnaire was distributed in the end of the study to investigate students’ perceptions and performances of the agent-tutoring task. Results show that 1) there is a significant learning gain for playing student compared to controls, 2) the learning environment can engage children in advanced mathematical thinking in early education, 3) that young primary students can act as successful tutors. Thus, we conclude that teachable agents is a candidate for leveraging learning in educational games to deeper levels that transfer outside the game. This idea combines the motivational power of games with the reflective power of a teachable agent asking though-provoking, deep questions on the learning material during game play.

Pareto, L. (2014). A Teachable Agent Game Engaging Primary School Children to Learn Arithmetic Concepts and Reasoning. In International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Volume 24, Issue 3, pp 251-283. Springer New York.

Idag har vi vår kreativa workshop tillsammans med lärarna från Unnerödsskolan. Lärarna arbetar utifrån vad klassen arbetar med, hur klassen arbetar med det, vilka mål som styr och vilka utmaningar som finns. Sedan väljer varje årskurs en utmaning och ett mål att arbeta utifrån under tre lektioner där eleverna spelar med matematikspelet Rutiga Familjen.

Utmaningarna och målen som valdes per årskurs samt lektionernas upplägg (mål, innehåll, val av spelpartner) ser ut som följande:
ÅK 1-3
Vald utmaning
Spännvidd av kunskaper
Valt mål
Förstå talens värde:
1 Ental, tiotal
2 Ental, tiotal, hundratal
3 Ental, tiotal, hundratal, tusental
Valt upplägg (klicka på bilden för förstoring)


ÅK 4
Vald utmaning
Se sambandet
Valt mål
Att förstå sambandet mellan division och multiplikation
Valt upplägg (klicka på bilden för förstoring)

ÅK 5
Vald utmaning
Dåligt självförtroende, brister i grunderna
Valt mål
Alla elever ska tycka att matte är roligt (eller helt ok)
Valt upplägg (klicka på bilden för förstoring)

Lena Pareto, universitetslektor i datalogi vid Högskolan Väst, träffar allmänheten och forskare på Science Café i Trollhättan och diskuterar den aktuella frågan ”Kan datorspel öka förståelsen för matematik?” samt matematikinlärning och pedagogik.